cellplast

Cellplast is a general term used in several languages to denote cellular plastic materials, especially rigid foams composed of gas-filled cells. In common usage, it refers to polystyrene-based foams such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS), but the term can also apply to other closed-cell foams used for insulation and packaging.

The cells give the material a low density, good stiffness, and low thermal conductivity, making it well suited for thermal insulation, rigid boards, and protective packaging. Depending on formulation, cellplast can be resistant to moisture and have varied compressive strength and dimensional stability. It is non-biodegradable and generally recyclable through specialized channels, though recycling infrastructure varies by region.

Production methods differ: EPS is produced by expanding preforms of polystyrene beads with steam and then molding into boards or shapes; XPS is made by extruding molten polystyrene with blowing agents, resulting in a closed-cell structure with uniform thickness. Other closed-cell foams used under the term may include polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams.

Common applications include thermal insulation in building envelopes, roofing, and foundations; protective packaging for electronics and appliances; buoyant components for marine and floating equipment; and crafts or model making. Fire resistance and compatibility with construction codes vary by material and additives.

Environmental considerations include energy-intensive production and persistence in the environment if discarded. Recovery options include mechanical and chemical recycling, energy recovery, and repurposing. Use of flame retardants in some formulations has raised health and environmental concerns, subject to regulatory guidance.