cavitaation
Cavitation is the formation, growth, and implosive collapse of vapor-filled cavities in a liquid that occurs when local pressure falls below the liquid’s vapor pressure. Nucleation typically begins at microscopic crevices, impurities, or dissolved gases; as pressure fluctuates in flowing or insonated liquids, small bubbles can form, grow, and intermittently persist.
There are two main forms: inertial (transient) cavitation, in which bubbles rapidly expand and violently collapse,
Cavitation occurs in many fluid systems, including ship propellers, pumps, turbines, valves, and nozzles, especially under
Mitigation and control rely on avoiding low-pressure regions, reducing the amount of dissolved gas, degassing liquids,
Modeling cavitation employs bubble dynamics equations such as the Rayleigh–Plesset model, often extended to multiple bubbles,