bordar

Bordar is a verb used in Spanish and Portuguese that means to embroider, i.e., to decorate fabric with stitches made by a needle and thread. The term can also refer to edging or trimming fabric along a border. In everyday language, bordar often denotes skilled needlework.

Etymology: The word derives from Romance roots related to border or edging, evolving to describe decorative stitching on textiles. In both languages, bordar encompasses a wide range of embroidery styles, from simple hemming to complex surface embroidery.

Techniques and materials: Embroidery techniques under bordar include cross-stitch (punto de cruz), satin stitch, chain stitch, and crewel work. Common materials are linen, cotton, or silk fabrics, with cotton, silk, or wool threads. Tools include sewing needles, hoops or frames, scissors, and patterns or templates.

Historical and cultural context: Embroidery has a long history across the Iberian Peninsula and Latin America, where regional bordados are part of traditional dress, household textiles, and ceremonial textiles. Styles vary by region, reflecting local motifs, dyes, and techniques. Modern bordar also appears in fashion, interior design, and handicrafts.

Usage and variants: In addition to its literal meaning, bordar can be used figuratively in some dialects to signify performing a task with great skill or flair, such as bordar un examen. The term is closely related to bordado (the embroidery itself) and to specific stitch traditions like punto de cruz.