hemming

Hemming is the process of finishing the edge of fabric by folding it inward and sewing it in place to prevent unraveling and create a neat, durable edge. Hems are used on garments, curtains, and other textile items, and may be functional or decorative.

Common hemming methods include machine hemming and hand hemming. Folded hems can be single-fold, where the edge is folded once, or double-fold, where the edge is folded twice to enclose the edge. Other finishes include blind hems, rolled hems for lightweight fabrics, and narrow hems for curved edges.

To hem, the fabric is measured and pressed, the edge is folded to the chosen width, and the encased edge is stitched close to the fold. Machine hemming typically uses a straight stitch, sometimes a blind hem or zigzag stitch; hand hemming uses a slip stitch or running stitch for a nearly invisible finish.

Tools and supplies include a sewing machine with a hemming foot or appropriate needle, thread matching the fabric, pins or clips, and a pressing tool. For slim hems, a rolled hem or narrow foot helps maintain even width and minimize bulk.

Hem finishes vary by fabric and application. Heavier fabrics use wider folded hems; lightweight fabrics may use rolled or ribbon hems. Hemming choices affect drape, weight, and bulk, and may be chosen for durability, ease of alteration, or decorative effect.

Alternatives to traditional stitching include fusible hems using iron-on tape or interfacing, bias tape bindings, or facings to finish the edge. Proper hemming requires considering fabric type, stretch, and care requirements to ensure a stable edge.