hems

A hem is a finished edge at the bottom of a garment or other textile, created by folding the fabric and stitching it in place. The primary purposes are to prevent fraying, provide a neat appearance, and help control the length and weight of the item. Hems are used on clothing, curtains, table linens, and upholstery.

Common types of hems include the plain or single-turned hem, where the edge is folded once and stitched; the double-turned hem, where the edge is folded twice for a thicker, more durable finish; the rolled hem, which creates a very narrow, delicate edge suitable for lightweight fabrics; the blind hem, which is designed to be nearly invisible from the outside; and faced or bias-bound hems, which use a fabric strip to finish the edge.

Hems are applied by hand or with a sewing machine. Straight stitching is typical for many hems, while a blind hem stitch is used to minimize visible stitches on the outside. Narrow hems on delicate fabrics may be finished with a rolled hem or a serged edge for durability. The choice of hem depends on fabric weight, drape, garment style, and desired level of visibility.

Practical considerations include ensuring the hem length suits the intended fit, keeping the edge straight, and pressing the hem for a clean crease. In addition to length adjustment, hems contribute to the overall durability and appearance of textiles and can influence how a fabric hangs or moves.