blackbuck

The blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), also called the Indian antelope, is a medium-sized deer-like ungulate native to the Indian subcontinent. Males have long, spirally twisted horns up to about 60 cm, a dark brown to black coat on the upper body with white underparts, and a distinctive white throat and patch behind the ears. Females are generally lighter in color and typically lack horns. The species overall exhibits marked sexual dimorphism.

Habitat and range: Blackbucks inhabit open grasslands, arid and semi-arid plains, and lightly wooded savannas. They are native to India, Nepal and possibly parts of Pakistan, with historical ranges reduced by hunting and habitat change. They are now common in protected areas and some fenced reserves.

Ecology and behavior: They are diurnal grazers and browse on grasses and low vegetation, drinking water regularly. Social organization varies seasonally: females and juveniles form herds, while territorial males maintain groups of females during the breeding season. Breeding can occur year-round in favorable areas; the gestation period is around six to seven months, usually yielding a single calf.

Conservation: The blackbuck is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, with historical declines due to hunting for skins and habitat loss. Protected areas in India and neighboring countries, national laws prohibiting hunting, and captive breeding programs have contributed to local recoveries. The species is also listed in CITES Appendix II.