biodiversitetsrige

Biodiversitetsrike is a term used in ecology to describe ecosystems or landscapes that exhibit high levels of biodiversity. It implies not only a large number of species, but also substantial genetic diversity within species and a wide range of ecological functions that support resilience and stability.

Assessing biodiversity richness involves multiple metrics. Species richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson's index measure variety and evenness, while genetic diversity within populations and functional or phylogenetic diversity capture evolutionary and ecological breadth. Biodiversitetsrike is also context dependent and scale-sensitive.

Characteristics commonly associated with biodiverse-rich systems include habitat heterogeneity, structural complexity (such as multiple vegetation layers or coral architectures), productive environments, and relatively low levels of chronic disturbance. These conditions create many niches and encourage long-term species coexistence.

Representative examples are tropical rainforests, coral reefs, mangroves, and old-growth temperate forests. Such areas provide a wide array of ecosystem services, including pollination, water purification, climate regulation, and cultural and recreational value.

Threats to biodiversitetsrike ecosystems include habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, and fragmentation. Conservation approaches emphasize protected areas, ecological corridors, sustainable land use, restoration, and measures that maintain genetic and ecological connectivity.

Because biodiversity richness varies with scale and taxonomic focus, assessments should integrate multiple indicators and local context to avoid underestimating or mischaracterizing richness.