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Betlémy, often referred to as nativity scenes or crèches, are artistic representations of the birth of Jesus Christ. These displays typically depict the infant Jesus in a manger, with Mary and Joseph, and are often surrounded by animals like oxen and donkeys. Angels, shepherds, and the Three Wise Men are also common figures, signifying the adoration of the newborn savior.

The tradition of creating and displaying betlémy has deep historical roots, particularly in Christian cultures. They originated in the early Christian church as a way to visualize the Nativity story for worshippers. Over centuries, these representations evolved from simple painted images to elaborate three-dimensional dioramas.

In many European countries, particularly those with a strong Catholic heritage like the Czech Republic and Italy, betlémy are a significant part of Christmas celebrations. They range in size and complexity, from small, handcrafted figures placed in homes to large, public installations in churches and town squares. The craftsmanship involved can be exquisite, with figures carved from wood, sculpted from clay, or even fashioned from paper and other materials.

The style of betlémy can vary greatly. Some are traditional and adhere closely to biblical accounts, while others incorporate local customs, contemporary elements, or even whimsical details. The creation of a betlém can be a family activity, passed down through generations, or a professional artistic endeavor. Regardless of their origin or scale, betlémy serve as a powerful visual reminder of the Christmas narrative and its enduring spiritual significance.