autobranche

The autobranche, or automotive industry, is the network of firms involved in the design, development, manufacture, marketing, and servicing of motor vehicles. It includes original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), tier‑one and other suppliers, engineering and testing services, aftermarket parts, financial services, and dealership networks, as well as mobility service providers. In German usage the term commonly refers to this sector in Germany and Europe, but it is used for the global automotive economy as well.

Market structure: OEMs produce cars, trucks and commercial vehicles; suppliers provide components and systems (engine, transmission, electrification, software); dealers handle sales and maintenance; and new business models include mobility services and data platforms. The industry is highly globalized, with production and supply chains concentrated across Europe, North America, and Asia-Pacific.

History and scope: From early mass production to globalized supply networks, the autobranche expanded rapidly in the 20th century. In recent decades electronics, software and battery technology have become central to product development, transforming vehicle manufacturing into an integrated technology and services sector.

Trends and challenges: Electrification and batteries are reshaping product lines; autonomous driving and connected services depend on software and data; emissions, safety and privacy regulations guide development; supply chains face shortages of semiconductors and materials and are exposed to tariffs. Manufacturers pursue modular platforms, localization, and rapid software upgrades.

Economic role: The autobranche is a major contributor to GDP and employment in many countries and a key driver of exports. Its performance depends on consumer demand, raw-material costs, exchange rates, and global trade conditions, as well as on the pace of technological adoption in mobility.