atresier

Atresier is a medical term referring to the congenital absence or unnatural closure of a bodily orifice, duct, or cavity. This condition occurs during fetal development. It can affect various parts of the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, and cardiovascular system.

Examples of atresier include duodenal atresia, where the small intestine is blocked, or pulmonary atresia, a severe heart defect where the pulmonary valve does not form correctly. Atresier can also involve the absence of an anal opening (anal atresia) or a nasal passage (choanal atresia). The severity of atresier varies widely, from mild cases with limited impact to severe, life-threatening conditions requiring immediate surgical intervention. Diagnosis typically involves prenatal ultrasound or postnatal examination. Treatment depends on the location and extent of the atresier and often involves surgical correction to restore function. The exact causes of atresier are not always understood, but genetic factors and environmental influences during pregnancy are thought to play a role.