artimosis

Artimosis is a rare, clinically under‑recognized disorder that affects the bursae and tendons within the shoulder girdle. Individuals with artimosis typically experience persistent, dull aching pain in the anterolateral shoulder region that worsens with overhead activity or forward flexion. The pain is usually accompanied by a sense of stiffness and a limited range of motion, especially in abduction and external rotation. In some cases, a palpable click or a mild crepitus may be present during shoulder egress movements.

The exact etiology of artimosis remains uncertain. Proposed mechanisms include repetitive microtrauma to the subacromial bursa, focal inflammation, or a developmental morphological change in the rotator cuff tendons. Genetic predisposition has not yet been firmly established but is suspected to play a role in a small subset of patients. In addition, certain occupational exposures, such as repetitive overhead work or prolonged use of sporting activities, appear to be risk factors.

Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with imaging serving to rule out other causes of shoulder dysfunction. Plain radiographs usually show no bone abnormalities, while ultrasound or MRI can demonstrate effusion or granulation tissue within the subacromial space. Arthroscopic exploration occasionally confirms the presence of thickened synovial tissue or adhesions that are characteristic of artimosis.

Management follows a step‑wise approach. Initial therapy includes non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs, physical‑therapy‑focused mobilization, and activity modification. In patients who fail conservative measures, corticosteroid injection into the subacromial space or a limited arthroscopic bursectomy may be considered. Long‑term outcomes are favorable when the condition is identified early and managed appropriately, although recurrence can occur if repetitive strain continues.

Because of its overlapping symptoms with other shoulder disorders such as impingement syndrome and frozen shoulder, artimosis remains a frequently misdiagnosed entity. Ongoing research aims to clarify its pathophysiology and to develop more specific diagnostic markers.