arrugas

Arrugas, or wrinkles, are visible creases or folds in the skin that develop as part of the aging process. The term is commonly used in Spanish-speaking contexts to describe both lines of expression and aging wrinkles. They arise from a combination of intrinsic aging, which reduces skin’s collagen and elastin, thinning of the epidermis, and loss of subcutaneous fat, and extrinsic factors such as ultraviolet exposure, smoking, and environmental damage. Wrinkles are often categorized as dynamic wrinkles, which appear with facial movements (for example, forehead lines, glabellar lines, and crow’s feet), and static or resting wrinkles, which are visible even when the face is still (such as nasolabial folds and perioral lines).

Anatomically, the face is most prone to wrinkling because of the high density of facial muscles and constant motion, though wrinkles can appear on the neck, hands, and other sun-exposed areas. Prevention focuses on reducing photoaging and mechanical stress: sun protection with broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, avoiding tobacco, maintaining skin hydration, and using skincare that supports collagen and skin turnover. Treatments range from topical agents—retinoids, antioxidants, and moisturizers—to professional procedures. Retinoids and certain peptides can stimulate collagen production; antioxidants help protect skin from damage. Dermatologic options include chemical peels, laser resurfacing, microneedling, and radiofrequency. For dynamic wrinkles, neuromodulators (such as botulinum toxin) can reduce movement, while dermal fillers address volume loss. In some cases, surgical options like a facelift may be considered. Arrugas are a natural sign of aging, with management focused on prevention, cosmetic improvement, and individual cosmetic goals.