antivertigo

Antivertigo is a term used to describe medications and non-pharmacological strategies aimed at preventing or reducing vertigo and its associated symptoms, such as dizziness, nausea, and imbalance. It does not refer to a single drug but to a category of treatments that suppress vestibular activity or mitigate its effects.

Pharmacologic agents commonly categorized as antivertigo include antihistamines (for example, meclizine and dimenhydrinate), anticholinergics (such as scopolamine), and, in some cases, short-term benzodiazepines. These drugs may lessen the severity of vertigo by dampening signals from the inner ear to the brain, providing symptomatic relief rather than correcting the underlying cause of vertigo. Availability and specific regimens vary by country.

In clinical practice, antivertigo therapies are used for acute vertigo, motion sickness, and other vestibular disorders. For benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), the most effective treatment is usually canalith repositioning maneuvers (Epley or Semont maneuvers), with antivertigo medications offering temporary relief as an adjunct. For other vestibular conditions, antivertigo drugs may be part of a broader management plan that includes vestibular rehabilitation, hydration, and addressing contributing factors such as anxiety or dehydration.

Safety considerations are important. Side effects commonly include drowsiness, cognitive impairment, dry mouth, and blurred vision, especially in older adults or those with glaucoma, urinary retention, or cognitive risk. Long-term use is generally discouraged due to tolerance, dependence, and anticholinergic burden.

Brand names vary by region; for example, meclizine is marketed under several names in different countries, including brands associated with antivertigo therapy. Clinicians tailor treatment to the individual, balancing symptom relief with safety and the underlying cause of vertigo.