aerotow

Aerotow is a method of launching sailplanes (gliders) by towing them aloft with a powered aircraft, called a towplane or tug. A towrope connects the glider to the towplane, which accelerates and climbs while maintaining tow. When the glider reaches a predetermined altitude and is clear of airspace conflicts, the glider pilot releases the tow rope and continues the flight unaided. The towplane returns to the airfield to land.

Typically, aerotow is the most common launch method at gliding clubs, alongside winch launches or auto-tow. It is used for both training and cross-country flights, especially where space for a long ground run or a high takeoff is available. The release altitude and tow profile depend on airfield procedures, weather, and the glider type.

Towplanes used range from light single-engine aircraft to purpose-built glider tugs. Common examples include small fixed-wing aircraft such as the Cessna 172 or 182, and historic towplanes like the Piper PA-25 Pawnee. The towrope is attached to a tow hook on the glider and a tow hook on the aircraft, with a release mechanism controlled by the glider pilot and/or towplane crew. Towlines are typically several hundred meters in length, chosen to suit the airfield and planned release altitude.

Operational safety relies on clear communication between pilots, proper weather assessment, and preflight checks of tow gear, including rope condition and release systems. Procedures cover approach, tow start, climb-out, and the release sequence to minimize risk from entanglements and wake turbulence.