wake

Wake is a term with several related but distinct meanings in everyday language and specialized fields.

Wake (nautical) refers to the visible track of disturbed water left behind a moving vessel. It consists of waves, foam, and turbulence created by the hull as it displaces water. The wake’s size and shape depend on speed, hull design, and water depth. In maritime contexts, the wake can affect other vessels, shoreline structures, and marine life, and it is analyzed in studies of hydrodynamics and safety. Large ships generate longer, higher wakes that can create significant turbulence and wake vortices.

Wake (funeral) is a gathering held to remember the deceased and offer condolences. It is typically held before the funeral or memorial service. Customs vary by culture and religion, including viewing of the deceased, sharing memories, meals, and religious rites. The term may be used broadly to denote any vigil or social event honoring a person who has died.

Wake also denotes the state of being awake and alert. It is the opposite of sleep and is characterized by perception, responsiveness, and activity. Wakefulness is regulated by the brain and circadian rhythms; disruption can result in sleep disorders or fatigue. The verb form “to wake” means to cause someone to become awake or to awaken naturally.