addressable

Addressable describes something that can be identified and reached by an addressing scheme within a system. An addressable element has a unique address—such as a memory location, a device on a bus, or a network endpoint—that software or hardware uses to reference it. Addressability is a foundational concept in computing, networking, and embedded systems.

In computing and networking, addressable hardware and nodes can be individually targeted for communication, updates, or control. Memory addressing assigns each location a numeric address, enabling read and write operations. In computer networks, each host or service has an address (such as an IP address or MAC address), enabling routing and delivery of data. The concept extends to software objects and resources that can be referenced through handles or pointers in programming languages.

Addressable LEDs are a class of lighting devices whose individual units can be controlled independently, typically over a single data line. Each pixel has a unique address, allowing complex color patterns and animations. Common protocols and products include WS2812 and similar addressable LEDs, widely used in decorative lighting, displays, and stage lighting. Software libraries provide per-pixel control and timing to drive these displays.

In marketing, addressable advertising refers to delivering targeted messages to individuals or households based on data, often via connected TV, streaming devices, and online platforms. The approach aims to improve relevance and efficiency but raises privacy, data governance, and measurement considerations.

The term addressable also appears in business planning as addressable market, describing the portion of a market that a product or service can realistically reach given constraints such as geography, competition, and resources.