Ziphius

Ziphius is a genus of beaked whales in the family Ziphiidae. It contains a single living species, Ziphius cavirostris, commonly known as Cuvier’s beaked whale. The genus is characterized by a robust body, a relatively long beak, and a small dorsal fin located far back on the body. Adult males typically possess tusk-like teeth that protrude from the lower jaw.

Ziphius cavirostris reaches lengths of roughly 6 to 7 meters and exhibits a dark gray to brown coloration. It has a streamlined shape, small flippers, and a relatively subdued dorsal fin compared with some other odontocetes. Like other ziphiids, it is adapted for deep diving.

Distribution and habitat: This species has a cosmopolitan distribution in deep offshore waters of temperate and tropical oceans. It is typically found away from coastal areas, occupying depths of hundreds to thousands of meters where it forages.

Biology and behavior: Cuvier’s beaked whales are deep-diving foragers that feed primarily on squid and deep-sea fish. They can perform long and repetitive dives, resurfacing for only brief breaths between foraging bouts. Surface sightings are infrequent, and they use echolocation to navigate and locate prey.

Reproduction and life history: Specific reproductive details are not well established. Like other beaked whales, Ziphius cavirostris is believed to give birth to a single calf after a lengthy gestation, with extended intervals between births and a late maturity.

Conservation: The IUCN lists Ziphius cavirostris as Least Concern, reflecting its wide distribution, though regional populations may be affected by bycatch, entanglement, and disturbance from naval sonar and shipping.