Zerebralparese

Zerebralparese, often abbreviated as CP, is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. It is caused by damage to one or more specific areas of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. This damage typically occurs before, during, or shortly after birth.

The term "cerebral" refers to the brain, and "palsy" means weakness or disorder of the muscles. CP is not a disease and it is not progressive, meaning the brain damage does not worsen over time. However, the effects of the damage can change as a child grows.

Symptoms of CP vary widely depending on the area of the brain affected and the extent of the damage. Common symptoms include difficulties with muscle tone (either too stiff or too floppy), abnormal reflexes, poor coordination, and problems with balance. Some individuals with CP may also experience intellectual disabilities, seizures, vision or hearing impairments, and speech difficulties.

The causes of CP are diverse and can include genetic factors, infections during pregnancy, premature birth, or complications during childbirth. In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown.

Diagnosis of CP is typically made based on developmental milestones and a physical examination. There is no cure for CP, but various therapies can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These therapies may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and medication to address specific symptoms like muscle spasticity or seizures. Early intervention is crucial for maximizing a child's potential.