Zegges

Zegges, in botanical terms, refers to plants of the genus Carex, a large group within the family Cyperaceae. They are sedges rather than true grasses, and they are distinguished by typically solid, triangular stems, leaves that are arranged in three vertical ranks, and flowers that are usually grouped into dense spikelets rather than showy inflorescences. Most species are perennials, spreading by rhizomes or forming clumps.

The inflorescence consists of spikelets, commonly containing unisexual flowers; the fruit is enclosed in a modified bract called the perigynium around the single seed (achene). Leaves are narrow, often with a sheathing base. The overall appearance ranges from delicate to coarse depending on species.

Zegges are widespread in the temperate and boreal regions of Europe, Asia and North America. They occupy wetlands such as marshes, fens, swamps, and wet meadows, but several species also grow on riverbanks, damp forests, or even dry, stony soils. They are important for soil stabilization and water filtration in many ecosystems.

Many Carex species provide habitat and food for birds and invertebrates. Some are used in ornamental gardening and as ground covers in wet or shade conditions. Others are considered invasive or weedy in certain wetlands.

Carex is one of the largest genera of monocots, with hundreds of species; accurate identification often requires examination of spikelet structure and the perigynium. Some sedge species are sensitive to habitat loss and water management, making their conservation status variable regionally.