Webarchitecturen

Webarchitecturen, in many contexts referred to as web architectures, describe the structural design of web-based software systems, including how components such as front-end clients, back-end services, data stores, APIs, and infrastructure interact to deliver applications and services. They influence functional and non-functional properties, including scalability, reliability, security, maintainability, and performance.

Common styles include layered architectures separating presentation, logic, and data; microservices and service-oriented architecture that partition functionality into independent units communicating via APIs or events; event-driven designs that rely on asynchronous messaging; serverless and managed services that shift runtime responsibilities to cloud providers; hexagonal or clean architectures that emphasize loose coupling through ports and adapters; and client-centric patterns like JAMstack that separate front-end from back-end logic behind APIs. Monolithic architectures consolidate components in a single deployable unit and can be simpler for small teams but typically face scaling limits.

Key technologies include APIs such as REST, GraphQL, and gRPC, and data stores with caching layers and content delivery networks to reduce latency. Design choices favor stateless services, idempotent operations, and clear security boundaries with authentication, authorization, encryption, and auditing. Observability through logging, metrics, and tracing supports reliability and capacity planning.

Architectures must balance functionality with non-functional requirements. Trade-offs exist between consistency and availability, latency and throughput, and data locality versus global reach. Reliability is enhanced by load balancing, redundancy, circuit breakers, and deployment strategies such as blue-green or canary releases, with automated testing and monitoring.

Current trends shaping webarchitecturen include JAMstack, microservices, containerization with Docker, orchestration by Kubernetes, edge computing, and serverless platforms, all influencing how teams structure development, deployment, and operations.