VirtualRealityAnwendungen

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated, immersive simulation of a three-dimensional environment that users perceive as real. It is typically accessed through a head-mounted display that provides stereo visuals and tracks head movements, often complemented by headphones for audio. Interaction is enabled by motion controllers, gloves, haptic devices, or other tracked input, allowing users to manipulate objects and navigate the virtual space.

VR systems range from tethered, room-based setups to standalone headsets. Tethered configurations connect to a computer or console for higher-rendering power, while standalone devices run on built-in processors. Room-scale tracking uses multiple sensors to map a user’s physical space and enable six-degree-of-freedom movement, improving immersion and interaction.

History of VR includes early work in the 1960s with Morton Heilig’s Sensorama and Ivan Sutherland’s head-mounted displays. Commercial VR emerged in the 1990s but was limited by processing power. A modern revival began in the 2010s with affordable headsets such as Oculus Rift, HTC Vive, and PlayStation VR, followed by higher resolutions and broader content.

Applications span entertainment and gaming, professional training, simulation and design, education, healthcare, architecture, and remote collaboration. VR is used to practice complex procedures, prototype products, and provide immersive experiences for learning and therapy, while virtual meetings and collaborative environments enable distributed teams to interact in shared spaces.

Challenges include motion sickness, accessibility and inclusivity, cost barriers, and variable content quality. Privacy and data security concerns arise from tracking and interaction data, while ergonomic and health guidelines address prolonged use and eye strain. Ongoing research seeks to improve comfort, realism, and safety.