Valglovgivning

Valglovgivning, or election legislation, is the body of laws and regulations that govern political campaigning and political advertising in connection with elections. It defines who may participate in campaigns, what activities are permitted, and how information is presented to voters. The scope typically includes mechanisms for campaign finance, transparency of donors, and limits on spending. It also covers registration of political parties, campaigns, and sponsors, as well as reporting requirements to electoral authorities.

Advertising rules are a central element. These may regulate when and where political messages may be aired or published, require clear identification of sponsors, and prohibit certain types of content such as disinformation, hate speech, or targeted advertising to vulnerable groups. In many systems, broadcasters and online platforms must provide fair access to election coverage and may be subject to time quotas or equal treatment rules.

Digital campaigning has grown in importance. Regulations often require disclosure of online political advertisements, restrictions on microtargeting, and safeguards around data collection and privacy. Foreign contributions and influence are commonly restricted or prohibited to protect electoral integrity.

Enforcement is carried out by election authorities, anti-corruption bodies, or independent commissions, with penalties ranging from fines to disqualification. The exact rules vary by country and jurisdiction, reflecting different legal traditions and electoral models. Internationally, standards emphasize transparency, accountability, and the prevention of undue influence, while balancing freedom of expression. Valglovgivning aims to ensure fair competition, informed voters, and public trust in the electoral process.