Urophasianus

Urophasianus is a genus of birds in the family Phasianidae, commonly known as pheasants. This genus currently contains only one recognized species, the Brown-eared Pheasant (Urophasianus blanfordi). The Brown-eared Pheasant is endemic to the mountainous regions of central China. It is a relatively large pheasant, characterized by its predominantly brown plumage and a distinctive patch of bare, reddish skin around the eye, which gives it its common name.

This species inhabits dense forests, particularly those with a thick undergrowth of bamboo or shrubs, at elevations typically between 1,500 and 3,000 meters. They are generally solitary or found in small groups. Their diet consists mainly of seeds, berries, insects, and tender shoots. The breeding season occurs in spring, and the female typically lays a clutch of eggs in a well-concealed nest on the ground.

The Brown-eared Pheasant is considered vulnerable by the IUCN. Its population has declined due to habitat loss and fragmentation, primarily caused by deforestation for agriculture and logging. Hunting and poaching also contribute to the threats faced by this species. Conservation efforts are underway to protect its remaining habitat and monitor its population. The genus Urophasianus is distinguished from other pheasant genera by specific morphological and genetic characteristics.