Tulkki

Tulkki is Finnish for interpreter, a person who renders spoken language from one language to another in real time or facilitates communication for Deaf and hard‑of‑hearing people through sign language interpretation. In Finland, as in many countries, interpreters work in a range of settings including courts, hospitals, schools, businesses, conferences, and public services.

Interpreting can take several forms: simultaneous interpretation, where the tulkki speaks virtually at the same time as the original speaker; consecutive interpretation, where the speaker pauses to allow interpretation; and liaison interpreting, which covers informal conversations in smaller groups. Sign language interpreters translate between spoken languages and sign languages such as Finnish Sign Language. Interpreters may work on site or remotely via phone or video link.

Professional pathways vary, but common requirements include high proficiency in at least two languages, cultural competence, and training in interpreting techniques. In many settings, especially in legal, medical, or public‑sector work, interpreters receive specialized preparation and may be certified or registered with relevant authorities. Interpreters are expected to follow ethics guidelines that emphasize confidentiality, objectivity, accuracy, and impartiality.

Within Finnish language use, tulkki contrasts with kääntäjä, the latter being a translator who primarily works with written texts. The term tulkki thus covers live and sign-language interpretation, enabling access and participation for individuals who do not share a common spoken language.