Tiefätzen

Tiefätzen is a German term referring to a chemical etching process used to create deep recesses in materials, typically metals. This technique involves using a strong etchant, often a combination of acids, to selectively remove material from a substrate. The process is commonly employed in industries such as electronics, tool manufacturing, and mold making.

The fundamental principle of Tiefätzen relies on the controlled chemical reaction between the etchant and the material to be removed. A protective mask, usually made of a resistant material like photoresist or a polymer, is applied to the surface of the workpiece. This mask defines the areas where etching should occur. The etchant then dissolves the unprotected material, creating the desired depth.

The depth of the recess is controlled by factors such as the concentration and temperature of the etchant, the etching time, and the specific material being etched. Different etchants are used depending on the metal; for instance, ferric chloride is often used for stainless steel, while hydrochloric acid and nitric acid mixtures are common for brass and copper.

Tiefätzen offers advantages such as achieving high aspect ratios (depth to width) and creating intricate patterns with sharp definition. It is a cost-effective method for producing durable and precise components. Applications include creating deep grooves for seals, fabricating components for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and producing decorative or functional surface textures. Proper safety precautions are essential due to the corrosive nature of the chemicals involved.