recess

Recess is a term with several related meanings. As a general noun, it can describe a pause in activity—a break for rest or recreation. It can also mean a hollow or indentation in a surface, or a small enclosed space set back from the surrounding area. As a verb, to recess means to suspend proceedings or to place something in a recessed position.

In education, school recess refers to a scheduled break between periods during the school day, typically for play and meals. Recess policies vary by country and school district, with durations ranging from 15 to 60 minutes. Proponents cite benefits for physical activity, social development, and classroom attention, while debates focus on balancing time for academic instruction with breaks for rest.

In architecture and interior design, a recess denotes a shallow niche, alcove, or indentation in a wall, often used for seating, storage, or display. Recessed lighting, a related but distinct concept, refers to light fixtures installed within a hollow area of a ceiling or wall to create direct illumination without visible fixtures.

In legislative and judicial usage, a recess is a temporary suspension of formal proceedings. Legislatures may adjourn or prorogue for a period and reconvene later. The term is also used in some jurisdictions to describe a period during which an executive may make temporary appointments, known as a recess appointment, when the legislature is not in session.

Other uses include geographical or geological contexts where a recess describes a natural indentation or bay. The word derives from the Latin recessus, meaning retreat or going back, via Old French recess and English adoption.