Teillast

Teillast is a term used in German engineering to denote operation at partial load, i.e., when a machine or device delivers less than its maximum rated power. It is the regime between idle and full-load operation and is commonly applied to internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and other energy conversion systems. The concept is important for understanding efficiency, emissions, and control strategies under typical duty cycles.

In automotive engineering, Teillast describes the operating range during cruising, gentle acceleration, or other conditions where the engine does not run at full throttle. The engine is controlled by throttle position, air intake, fuel delivery, and, in modern vehicles, turbocharging and variable valve timing. Efficiency and emissions in Teillast depend on the balance between pumping losses at partial throttle, air-fuel ratio control, and exhaust aftertreatment. Modern technologies such as direct injection, turbocharging, and sophisticated engine management are used to maximize efficiency and minimize emissions within this regime.

In stationary power generation and turbines, Teillast refers to partial-load operation of gas turbines or reciprocating engines used for electricity production. Part-load efficiency is generally lower than full-load efficiency, and the response to load changes is a key concern for grid stability. To improve performance in Teillast, plants may employ multi-stage compression, variable geometry components, exhaust heat recovery, or supplemental firing, depending on the technology and duty cycle.

Overall, Teillast represents the common operating range for many machines in which decision-making about efficiency, emissions, and control strategies is driven by the typical load the system must sustain rather than its maximum possible output.