Südamerütmihäired

Südamerütmihäired, also known as arrhythmias, are conditions where the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly. This can occur due to problems with the heart's electrical system, which controls the timing of heartbeats. Various factors can contribute to their development, including underlying heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, stress, certain medications, and lifestyle choices like excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption.

Symptoms of südamerütmihäired can vary widely depending on the type and severity. Some individuals may experience no noticeable symptoms, while others might feel palpitations, a racing heartbeat, skipped beats, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, or even fainting. In some cases, severe arrhythmias can lead to more serious complications such as stroke or heart failure.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a common tool used to record the heart's electrical activity and identify abnormal rhythms. Holter monitors, which are portable ECG devices worn for 24-48 hours, can capture intermittent arrhythmias. Other tests may include echocardiograms to assess heart structure and function, or electrophysiology studies to map the heart's electrical pathways.

Treatment for südamerütmihäired depends on the specific type, its cause, and the patient's symptoms and overall health. Options range from lifestyle modifications and medication to more invasive procedures. Medications may include antiarrhythmic drugs to control heart rate and rhythm, or blood thinners to prevent blood clots. Pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) may be implanted in certain cases to regulate the heartbeat. Catheter ablation, a procedure that uses heat or cold to destroy small areas of heart tissue causing the arrhythmia, is another treatment option.