Südameatakk

Südameatakk, also known as a myocardial infarction or heart attack, is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is severely reduced or blocked. This blockage is usually caused by a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, which can rupture and form a blood clot. Without oxygen-rich blood, the heart muscle begins to die.

Symptoms of a heart attack can vary widely among individuals. Common signs include chest pain or discomfort, which may feel like pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain. This pain can radiate to the arm (often the left), jaw, neck, or back. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, cold sweats, nausea, vomiting, and lightheadedness or dizziness. Some people, particularly women, may experience less typical symptoms such as fatigue, indigestion, or a general feeling of illness.

Risk factors for developing a heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Age is also a factor, with risk increasing as people get older.

Immediate medical attention is crucial for a heart attack. Prompt treatment can help restore blood flow to the heart muscle, minimize damage, and improve the chances of survival and recovery. Treatment often involves medications to dissolve blood clots or open arteries, angioplasty with stenting to widen blocked arteries, or bypass surgery in more severe cases. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking, are important for preventing future heart problems.