Sömnvandring

Sömnvandring, also known as somnambulism, is a sleep disorder characterized by walking or performing other complex behaviors while still asleep. It is a type of parasomnia, which are undesirable events or experiences that happen during sleep. Sömnvandring typically occurs during the deep stages of non-REM sleep, specifically stage N3 sleep, usually in the first third of the night.

Individuals who somnambulate may appear awake but are unresponsive to their surroundings. They can engage in activities such as sitting up in bed, walking around the room or house, and even leaving the home. The behaviors are usually automatic and people performing them have no memory of the event afterward. While it is called "sleepwalking," the term encompasses a range of actions beyond just walking, including eating, dressing, talking, and in rare cases, driving.

The exact cause of sömnvandring is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to an incomplete arousal from deep sleep. Factors that can trigger or worsen episodes include sleep deprivation, fever, stress, alcohol consumption, and certain medications. It is more common in children than in adults, and most children outgrow the condition.

While sömnvandring is generally not harmful, there is a risk of injury due to the individual's lack of awareness and coordination. Safety measures, such as securing windows and doors, removing tripping hazards, and using gates at the top of stairs, are often recommended for individuals who somnambulate. In adults, if the behavior is frequent, causes significant distress, or poses a danger, medical evaluation and treatment may be considered. Treatment options can include behavioral strategies, improving sleep hygiene, and in some cases, medication.