Szignatúraalapú

Szignatúraalapú, often translated as signature-based, refers to a method of identifying malicious software or unauthorized access by comparing it against a database of known patterns or signatures. In the context of cybersecurity, a signature is a unique sequence of bytes or a specific set of characteristics that are definitively associated with a particular virus, malware, or attack. Antivirus software, intrusion detection systems, and spam filters commonly employ signature-based detection.

When a file or network traffic is scanned, its data is compared against a comprehensive database of known signatures. If a match is found, the system flags the item as potentially harmful and takes a predefined action, such as quarantining the file, blocking the network connection, or alerting the user. This method is highly effective against known threats for which signatures have already been created and distributed.

However, signature-based detection has limitations. It is generally ineffective against zero-day exploits or novel malware variants for which no signature exists yet. Attackers can also employ techniques to alter their malware, thereby changing its signature and evading detection. Consequently, signature-based systems are often used in conjunction with other detection methods, such as heuristic analysis or behavioral monitoring, to provide a more robust defense against a wider range of threats. The effectiveness of signature-based detection relies heavily on the continuous updating and maintenance of the signature database.