already

Already is an adverb in English that expresses that something happened earlier than expected or by this time. It can indicate that an action is complete before the moment of reference, and it may convey surprise or emphasis in questions. In many contexts, it contrasts with yet, which is common in negative clauses and questions about what remains to be done.

Etymology and history: Already originated from the phrase all ready, meaning completely prepared. In Middle English, this compound gradually fused into a single word. The sense of time – indicating occurrence before now – emerged as the dominant usage in later centuries, while the original sense of full readiness is now largely archaic.

Usage and placement: In present perfect and past perfect constructions, already typically follows the auxiliary verb: I have already eaten. He had already left when we arrived. In simple tenses, it is common but not mandatory to place it after the main verb: I finished already may be heard, but I already finished is more standard in many varieties. In questions, have you already finished? is common and can convey mild surprise. In negative clauses, yet is usually preferred: I haven't finished yet. There are stylistic nuances across dialects; placement can affect emphasis.

Semantics and nuance: Already emphasizes that the action occurred earlier than anticipated or by the present moment. It can express inevitability, speed, or relief, as in It’s already noon, or You’re here already? The word is primarily adverbial and does not function as an adjective.

Examples: They have already left. Have you already seen it? I already knew the answer. It’s already too late.