Szemhéjgyulladás

Szemhéjgyulladás, or blepharitis, is a common inflammatory condition affecting the eyelids. It causes redness, swelling, itching, and sometimes a burning sensation along the edges of the eyelids where the eyelashes grow. The condition can affect one or both eyes and may be chronic, meaning it can recur.

There are two main types of blepharitis: anterior and posterior. Anterior blepharitis primarily affects the outer front edge of the eyelid and is often associated with bacterial infections or dandruff. Posterior blepharitis affects the inner edge of the eyelid that rests against the eyeball and is usually linked to problems with the meibomian glands, which produce the oily layer of the tear film.

Symptoms can vary in severity but commonly include crusty debris at the base of the eyelashes, particularly upon waking. The eyelids may feel irritated or sore, and light sensitivity can occur. In some cases, blepharitis can lead to complications such as styes, which are painful lumps on the eyelid, or chalazia, which are non-painful lumps caused by blocked meibomian glands. Dry eye syndrome is also frequently associated with blepharitis.

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination of the eyelids. Treatment often involves meticulous eyelid hygiene, including regular cleaning with diluted baby shampoo or specialized eyelid wipes. Warm compresses applied to the eyelids can help loosen debris and improve oil gland function. Antibiotic ointments or oral antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial infections, and anti-inflammatory medications might be used to reduce swelling. Managing underlying conditions like rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis can also be important.