Sydänvaivoja

Sydänvaivoja, commonly referred to as heart conditions or heart disease, encompass a broad range of ailments that affect the heart and blood vessels. These conditions can vary significantly in their causes, symptoms, and severity, impacting the heart's ability to pump blood effectively throughout the body.

Common types of heart conditions include coronary artery disease, where plaque buildup narrows the arteries supplying the heart, potentially leading to angina or heart attack. Heart failure occurs when the heart muscle weakens and cannot pump blood as efficiently as it should. Valvular heart disease involves problems with the heart valves, affecting blood flow. Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms, which can be too fast, too slow, or erratic. Congenital heart defects are structural abnormalities present at birth.

Risk factors for developing heart conditions are numerous and include genetics, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and an unhealthy diet. Symptoms can be diverse and may include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, swelling in the legs and feet, and irregular heartbeat.

Diagnosis of heart conditions typically involves a physical examination, medical history, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, stress tests, and sometimes more specialized imaging or invasive procedures. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific condition and may involve lifestyle modifications, medications to manage blood pressure, cholesterol, or blood clots, and in some cases, surgical interventions such as angioplasty, bypass surgery, or valve repair/replacement. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing complications and improving outcomes.