Streptopelia

Streptopelia is a genus of birds in the family Columbidae, commonly known as turtle doves and collared doves. Members are medium-sized, slender pigeons with soft gray- to brown-toned plumage, long tails, and a relatively small head. A distinctive feature in many species is a patch of dark feathers on the hindneck forming a collar; in some species this collar is bordered by white.

Distribution and habitat: The genus is distributed across Africa, southern Europe, and Asia, with one species—the Eurasian collared dove—having expanded its range into parts of Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas. Habitats include open woodlands, scrub, farmland, and urban areas.

Behavior and diet: Streptopelia species feed primarily on seeds and grains, supplementing with fruit and occasional small invertebrates, especially when feeding young. They are often found in pairs or small flocks and are known for soft, cooing calls.

Reproduction: Breeding usually results in two white eggs laid in a simple twig nest in trees or shrubs. Both parents incubate for about 12–15 days, and chicks fledge after roughly two weeks. In tropical zones some species may breed year-round.

Notable species: The Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) is widespread and has expanded beyond its native range; the European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) is migratory and has declined in parts of its range due to habitat loss.

Taxonomy: Streptopelia is a genus within Columbidae, containing several species commonly referred to as turtle doves or collared doves.