Stoves

Stove is a kitchen appliance used for cooking, and often baking. It typically comprises a cooktop with burners or heating elements and an integrated oven. Stoves may be powered by gas, electricity, or biomass, and some configurations also provide space heating in small or off-grid settings.

Common types include gas stoves, electric coil or smooth-top stoves, induction stoves, and solid-fuel stoves such as wood-burning or pellet models. Gas stoves emit flames for heating; electric stoves rely on resistance elements; induction stoves heat cookware by magnetic induction and require compatible pots.

Solid-fuel stoves are used for cooking and heating in many regions and may include an oven or be paired with a separate oven. Dual-fuel ranges mix gas burners with electric ovens for performance and control.

Key components include the cooktop, oven, and control panel, with ventilation such as range hoods common to remove cooking byproducts. Ignition methods range from standing pilots in older units to electronic or spark ignition in modern models. Safety features may include flame safeguards, automatic shutoff, and child locks.

Efficiency and environmental considerations vary by type. Induction cooking is among the most energy-efficient methods, while gas stoves can be less efficient and emit combustion byproducts that require proper ventilation and, in some regions, adherence to gas safety standards.

History notes that wood and coal stoves predated gas and electric models; later decades saw rapid adoption of gas, electric, and induction technologies.