Sozialkunde

Sozialkunde is a school subject taught in German-speaking countries that covers social sciences with a focus on civics, politics, history, geography and economics. It aims to help students understand social structures, institutions and current events and to participate responsibly in public life. In Germany the subject name and scope vary by state; it may be called Sozialkunde, Gemeinschaftskunde or Politische Bildung, reflecting different curricular traditions.

Its content includes constitutional basics, rights and duties of citizens, political systems, elections, media literacy, and questions of social justice and globalization. Geography and economics are often integrated to show how societies interact with regions and markets. Teaching methods emphasize discussion, analysis of sources, role plays, simulations such as mock elections, project work, and field trips to institutions or organizations.

Educational goals are to develop civic literacy, critical thinking, empathy, and responsible participation in democratic processes. The subject encourages students to evaluate information, consider competing perspectives, and engage in respectful dialogue. It also addresses diversity, human rights, and sustainable development, linking classroom learning to real-world social and political challenges.

Curriculum and assessment are organized at the state or cantonal level in German-speaking countries, leading to variations in grade level coverage and depth. In primary education, social topics may appear within broader subjects, whereas secondary schooling often provides more in-depth study. The subject is part of broader efforts to promote democratic literacy and informed citizenship.