Siitepölyttämistä

Siitepölyttämistä, commonly known as artificial pollination or hand pollination, is a horticultural technique used to intentionally transfer pollen from one flower to another. This process mimics natural pollination but is done manually by humans, typically with a small brush, cotton swab, or by shaking flowers over a receptacle. The primary purpose of siitepölyttämistä is to ensure or improve fruit and seed set, especially in situations where natural pollinators are absent, insufficient, or when specific crosses are desired.

This technique is particularly valuable in controlled environments like greenhouses or in areas with low populations of natural pollinators such as bees or wind. It allows growers to control the parentage of their crops, which is crucial for breeding programs aiming to develop new varieties with specific traits or for maintaining the purity of existing cultivars. For some plants, like certain varieties of tomatoes and peppers, artificial pollination is essential for producing a satisfactory yield, as they may not self-pollinate effectively without assistance.

The timing and method of siitepölyttämistä depend on the specific plant species, its flower structure, and the type of pollen. Flowers are typically pollinated when they are receptive, which is often indicated by the appearance of the stigma. Successful siitepölyttämistä results in the fertilization of the ovules, leading to the development of fruits and seeds. This method requires careful observation and dexterity but offers a reliable way to guarantee crop production in challenging conditions.