swab

A swab is a small, typically disposable tool used to apply liquids or collect samples. It consists of an absorbent tip mounted on a short handle. The tip materials vary and can include cotton, rayon, polyester, or foam, while the handle is made of wood, plastic, or paper. Swabs are designed for precision work on small or delicate areas and for maintaining hygiene through single-use applications.

In medical and scientific settings, swabs are widely used for sampling from the body, such as nasal, throat, or wound specimens, to test for infections or pathogens. Buccal or cheek swabs collect cells for DNA analysis, and sterile swabs are used to inoculate culture media in microbiology. Swabs may also be employed to apply antiseptics, medications, or cleaning solutions to targeted surfaces.

Other applications include forensic science, where swabs collect trace evidence, and consumer care, where cotton swabs are used for cleaning small areas or applying cosmetics. Safety and handling practices emphasize single-use, sterile packaging, and proper disposal to prevent cross-contamination. When used for ear care, many health guidelines advise against inserting swabs into the ear canal due to the risk of injury, recommending alternative cleaning methods.