Shahjahan

Shahjahan, born Prince Khurram, was the fifth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1628 to 1658. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Mughal rulers, known for his architectural achievements and his patronage of the arts. His reign is often considered the golden age of Mughal architecture.

Shahjahan was the son of Emperor Jahangir and a Rajput princess, Jagat Gosain. He proved to be a capable military commander and administrator during his father's reign, suppressing rebellions and expanding the empire. After a period of conflict with his father and brothers, he ascended the throne in 1628.

His most famous contribution is the Taj Mahal, a mausoleum built in Agra for his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. This iconic structure is a masterpiece of Mughal architecture and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Other notable constructions during his reign include the Red Fort in Delhi, the Jama Masjid in Delhi, and the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore.

Shahjahan's reign also saw significant economic prosperity, although it was marked by costly wars and administrative reforms. He was a devout Muslim but also maintained a degree of religious tolerance. His later years were troubled by illness and a war of succession among his sons, ultimately leading to his deposition by his son Aurangzeb in 1658. He spent his final years under house arrest in the Agra Fort, from where he could see the Taj Mahal.