Serging

Serging is a sewing technique that uses a serger, or overlock machine, to finish fabric edges while sewing them at the same time. The process typically trims the edge, encloses it with thread, and provides a secure, stretchy seam. Serging is commonly used to prevent fraying and to create a clean, professional edge on garments and home textiles.

A serger differs from a conventional sewing machine in that it uses multiple threads and a built-in cutting blade. As the fabric edge passes between needles and loopers, the machine trims the edge and forms overedge stitches that wrap around the edge. Sergers are available in configurations ranging from three to five threads, with different stitch patterns for seams, finishes, and rolled hems. The blade and tensions are adjustable to accommodate various fabrics and desired finishes.

Common applications include finishing raw edges on knits and wovens, assembling garments with secure, stretchy seams, and producing rolled hems on lightweight fabrics. Serging is valued for speed and durability, especially in production environments. Rolled hems, napped finishes, and flatlock stitches are among the variations achievable with different serger setups.

Advantages of serging include fast edge finishing, reinforced seams that tolerate stretch, and a tidy, professional appearance. Limitations include the need for multiple thread cones, ongoing maintenance, and a learning curve for adjusting tensions and fabric feeding. Sergers are typically used in conjunction with a conventional sewing machine, not as a direct substitute for all topstitching or precise construction tasks. Overall, serging is a fundamental technique for efficient, durable edge finishing in sewing.