Schichtverfahren

Schichtverfahren, also known as layer manufacturing or additive manufacturing, refers to a group of processes used to create three-dimensional objects by sequentially adding material layer by layer. This is in contrast to traditional subtractive manufacturing methods that remove material from a larger block.

The fundamental principle involves building an object from the bottom up, with each layer being a thin cross-section of the final design. This cross-section is typically generated from a digital model, often created using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software. The digital model is then sliced into numerous thin layers by specialized software.

Various technologies fall under the umbrella of Schichtverfahren, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), and digital light processing (DLP). Each technology utilizes different materials and methods for depositing or solidifying each layer. For example, FDM extrudes thermoplastic filament, SLA uses a UV laser to cure liquid resin, and SLS fuses powdered material with a laser.

Schichtverfahren offers several advantages, such as the ability to create complex geometries, intricate internal structures, and customized parts that are difficult or impossible to produce with conventional methods. It also allows for rapid prototyping, enabling designers and engineers to quickly test and iterate on designs. The process can also reduce material waste compared to subtractive techniques.

Applications of Schichtverfahren are widespread and include prototyping, tooling, end-use part production, medical implants, aerospace components, and consumer goods. The technology continues to evolve, with advancements in materials, speed, accuracy, and scalability.