Sarjaviestintäs

Sarjaviestintäs, also known as serial communication, is a method of transmitting data between devices one bit at a time, sequentially over a single communication line. This contrasts with parallel communication, where multiple bits are sent simultaneously over separate lines. Sarjaviestintäs is commonly used for relatively short-distance, low-to-medium speed data transfer.

The process involves a transmitter sending data bits in a specific order, usually starting with a start bit, followed by the data bits themselves, and often ending with a stop bit. These bits help the receiving device synchronize with the transmission and correctly interpret the data. Common protocols for sarjaviestintäs include UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) and SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). UART is widely used for communication between microcontrollers and peripherals, or between a computer and a modem. SPI is often employed for communication between microcontrollers and sensors or other integrated circuits.

Advantages of sarjaviestintäs include its simplicity and the reduced number of wires required, making it cost-effective and suitable for constrained environments. However, its primary limitation is its lower speed compared to parallel communication, especially over longer distances. Despite this, its efficiency and widespread adoption in embedded systems and various consumer electronics make it a fundamental concept in digital communication.