Röntgentomografi

Röntgentomografi, commonly known as CT scan, is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body. The term "tomografi" comes from the Greek words "tomos," meaning "cut," and "graphia," meaning "writing," reflecting the method's ability to create images of slices through the body. This technique was developed in the 1970s and has since become an essential tool in diagnostic medicine.

In a CT scan, the patient is positioned on a table that moves through a donut-shaped machine called a CT scanner. The scanner emits X-rays that pass through the body and are detected on the opposite side. The data collected is then processed by a computer to create detailed images of the body's internal structures. These images can reveal information about the bones, soft tissues, and organs, making CT scans particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as tumors, infections, and blood vessel obstructions.

CT scans are non-invasive and do not require the use of ionizing radiation, making them a safer alternative to traditional X-rays for certain types of examinations. However, they do involve exposure to X-rays, which can be harmful if used excessively. Therefore, CT scans are typically used only when necessary and are often combined with other imaging techniques to provide a comprehensive diagnosis.

The images produced by CT scans are typically viewed on a computer screen and can be manipulated to provide different perspectives and to highlight specific areas of interest. This makes CT scans a valuable tool for both diagnostic and surgical planning purposes. Despite their widespread use, CT scans are not without limitations. They cannot provide information about the function of organs or tissues, and the images can be affected by factors such as patient movement and the presence of metal objects in the body.