Rytmeforstyrrelser

Rytmeforstyrrelser, also known as cardiac arrhythmias, are conditions where the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly. These disturbances in the heart's electrical system can affect its ability to pump blood efficiently throughout the body.

Causes of rytmeforstyrrelser can vary widely. Some may be congenital, present from birth, while others develop later in life due to factors such as heart disease, high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, thyroid problems, stress, certain medications, or excessive alcohol or caffeine consumption. In some cases, the exact cause may remain unknown.

Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include a fluttering sensation in the chest, palpitations, a racing heartbeat, a slow heartbeat, dizziness, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting. However, some individuals with rytmeforstyrrelser experience no noticeable symptoms.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and often an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) to record the heart's electrical activity. Other tests like Holter monitors (portable ECGs worn for extended periods), event recorders, or electrophysiology studies (EPS) may be used to further evaluate the heart rhythm.

Treatment for rytmeforstyrrelser depends on the specific type, severity, and underlying cause. Options may include lifestyle modifications, medications to control heart rate or rhythm, procedures like electrical cardioversion to restore a normal rhythm, or implantable devices such as pacemakers or defibrillators. In some instances, catheter ablation may be performed to correct abnormal electrical pathways in the heart. Regular medical follow-up is often necessary to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as needed.