Ryhmänesto

Ryhmänesto, also known as group nesting or collective nesting, refers to a social behavior observed primarily in certain bird species, where multiple individuals—often from the same species—share a single nest. This phenomenon contrasts with the more common solitary nesting habits of many birds, where pairs or single individuals construct and occupy nests independently.

The practice of group nesting is most frequently documented in species such as the African Jacana (*Actophilornis africana*), the Red-billed Quelea (*Quelea quelea*), and some species of gulls and terns. In these cases, nests are often clustered together in colonies, sometimes numbering in the hundreds or thousands. While some species exhibit true communal nesting, where multiple pairs contribute to raising offspring collectively, others simply tolerate the proximity of neighboring nests without forming a true cooperative unit.

The evolutionary advantages of group nesting can include enhanced protection against predators, improved foraging efficiency through shared vigilance, and increased reproductive success due to collective defense of the nesting site. However, competition for resources within the nest or colony can also arise, leading to conflicts over food or nesting space. Some species exhibit a hybrid form of nesting, where individuals or pairs nest close together but maintain separate territories and broods.

Ryhmänesto is not limited to birds; similar behaviors have been observed in other animals, such as certain species of fish, insects, and even mammals. In these cases, the motivations may differ, often involving mating strategies, predator avoidance, or thermoregulation. The study of group nesting contributes to broader ecological and behavioral research, offering insights into social structures, reproductive strategies, and the dynamics of animal communities.