ReducedGraphene

ReducedGraphene is a form of graphene that has undergone chemical reduction, resulting in a material with altered properties compared to pristine graphene. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, is known for its exceptional electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. However, pristine graphene is often difficult to handle and integrate into devices due to its hydrophobicity and tendency to agglomerate.

Reduction processes typically involve the introduction of functional groups, such as hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, onto the graphene surface. These functional groups can then be reduced using various methods, including chemical reduction with reducing agents like hydrazine or sodium borohydride, or thermal reduction. The reduction process modifies the graphene's surface chemistry, making it more hydrophilic and easier to disperse in solvents, which enhances its processability and compatibility with other materials.

The reduction of graphene can lead to changes in its electronic properties. While pristine graphene is a zero-bandgap semiconductor, reduced graphene can exhibit semiconducting or even metallic behavior, depending on the extent and nature of the reduction. This tunability makes reduced graphene a promising material for various applications, including electronics, sensors, and energy storage devices.

Reduced graphene has been explored for use in composite materials, where its addition can improve the mechanical properties of polymers. It has also been investigated for its potential in electrochemical applications, such as supercapacitors and batteries, due to its high surface area and electrical conductivity. Additionally, reduced graphene's biocompatibility and low toxicity make it a candidate for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.

In summary, reduced graphene is a versatile material derived from graphene through chemical reduction processes. Its altered properties, including improved processability, tunable electronic behavior, and biocompatibility, make it suitable for a wide range of applications in electronics, energy storage, composites, and biomedicine. Ongoing research continues to explore and optimize the properties of reduced graphene for various technological advancements.