Raynaudovu

Raynaud's phenomenon, often referred to as Raynaud's disease or Raynaud's syndrome, is a condition that affects the blood vessels in the body, primarily in the fingers and toes. It is characterized by episodes of reduced blood flow to these extremities, usually triggered by cold temperatures or stress. During an attack, the small arteries supplying blood to the affected areas constrict, leading to a temporary narrowing of the vessels.

The symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon typically include changes in skin color. The affected digits may first turn white, then blue, and finally red as blood flow returns. This color progression is accompanied by sensations of numbness, tingling, and pain. The severity of symptoms can vary from mild discomfort to significant pain and even tissue damage in severe cases.

Raynaud's phenomenon is classified into two main types: primary and secondary. Primary Raynaud's, also known as Raynaud's disease, occurs on its own and is not associated with any underlying medical condition. It is generally milder and appears more commonly in women. Secondary Raynaud's, or Raynaud's phenomenon, is caused by an underlying health problem, such as autoimmune diseases like lupus or scleroderma, connective tissue disorders, or certain medications. Secondary Raynaud's is often more severe and can lead to complications.

Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history and a physical examination. In some cases, further tests may be conducted to rule out underlying conditions. Treatment aims to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks and may include lifestyle modifications like avoiding cold exposure and managing stress. Medications that help widen blood vessels may also be prescribed.