Randslijtage

Randslijtage is a term used in Dutch technical literature to describe wear that is concentrated at the edge or margin of a component or feature. Unlike uniform wear over a surface, randslijtage tends to progress along the periphery, often starting at the edge radius, sharp corners, or interfaces with mating parts. It is a form of tribological wear that arises from sliding, impacting, or abrasive action in contact zones, and can be accompanied by chipping or loss of material at the edge.

Causes include high contact pressures focused on small edge areas, rough or poorly deburred edges, contamination with hard particles, misalignment, inadequate lubrication, and cyclic loading that promotes edge fatigue. Material properties matter: very hard materials resist removal but can crack; toughness, edge geometry, and surface finish influence susceptibility to edge wear.

Measurement and evaluation can involve profilometry or microscopy to assess edge recession, worn width, and depth. Wear rate may be expressed as depth of edge loss per sliding distance or per cycle. In dentistry, randslijtage is used to describe edge wear on restorations or veneers, visible as rounding, chipping, or material loss at the margins.

Prevention and mitigation include designing edges with appropriate radii, deburring and finishing, selecting wear-resistant materials or coatings, improving lubrication and cleanliness, controlling contact pressures, and ensuring proper alignment and mating clearances.

Randslijtage is relevant for components where edge integrity is critical, such as seals and gaskets, cutting tools, gears, and dental prosthetics. Excessive edge wear can affect fit, sealing, and structural performance, necessitating maintenance or replacement.