REMsömnbeteendestörning

REM sleep behavior disorder is a sleep disorder characterized by the acting out of dreams, often during the REM (rapid eye movement) stage of sleep. Typically, during REM sleep, the body experiences atonia, a temporary paralysis that prevents movement. In individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder, this paralysis is absent or incomplete, allowing them to physically move and vocalize in accordance with their dreams.

The actions can range from simple movements like talking, kicking, or punching to more complex and violent behaviors such as jumping out of bed, running, or engaging in what appears to be a fight. These episodes can be intense and may result in injury to the sleeper or their bed partner. While the individual is physically active, they are often unaware of their actions or have fragmented memories of them upon waking.

REM sleep behavior disorder is more commonly diagnosed in older adults, particularly men. It can occur as a primary condition (idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder) or as a secondary symptom associated with other neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and multiple system atrophy. The exact cause is not fully understood but is believed to involve damage or degeneration in the brainstem regions that control REM sleep atonia. Diagnosis typically involves a sleep study (polysomnography) to monitor brain activity, muscle tone, and eye movements during sleep. Treatment aims to prevent injuries and may include medications like melatonin or clonazepam, along with safety precautions such as modifying the bedroom environment.